Cap Table Questions

Sorry this is all over the place - feel free to answer any or none. Thanks!

Does anyone have a tool/resource/info on how to calculate ownership percentage and the resulting impact on disbursements/dividends/distributions when various forms of equity are utilized? Specifically common and preferred shares.

If a searcher offers an investor a stepped up ownership percentage for their investment, how is that recognized? Do those shares have increased par value? Is the step up recognized at liquidation? If preferred shares, are dividends paid on stepped up basis?

Thanks for any input/help.