Definitive clauses for “Multiple of [Whatever]” in LOIs?

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January 22, 2026

by a professional from University of Southern California - Marshall School of Business in North Palm Beach, FL, USA

Is it just me or are you seeing the proliferation of the following kind of provision in LOIs? Such as in the widely circulated free templates being shared by lawyers, etc. Example “The total purchase price is $[Amount], calculated as a [X.X] multiple of earnings.” That clause may look harmless on the surface, but in practice it’s one of the weakest and most dangerous provisions in the entire LOI, because it implies a purchase price adjustment mechanism without actually creating one. And, what about substituting “earnings” with any of these? • SDE • EBITDA • Adjusted EBITDA • Trailing Twelve Months • Cash vs. Accrual • Normalized Income After Adjustments My concern goes beyond ambiguity. Even explicitly and definitively stated, is it wise for buyer LOIs to include a “Multiple of [Whatever]”? RISKS • Expect pushback from brokers and sellers. • It creates false expectations for the buyer. • It invites post LOI conflict. What if you (searcher) do not have a reasonable, verifiable justification / rationale for your valuation multiple? TIP This is why strategizing with your lawyer is essential, upfront. It will affect how you interact with brokers and sellers pre-LOI. Especially if you’re asking for a boilerplate LOI, so you can “fill in the blanks” (subject to whatever your SMB M&A attorney advises). Does anyone want to comment, breaking down why it fails, what risk it creates, and how TO FIX IT so it actually protects the buyer, without repelling brokers and sellers? (War stories also welcome.)
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Reply by an intermediary
from Gonzaga University in Lake Stevens, WA, USA
^redacted‌ Thanks for the tag Luke "Yes," in the LMM/SMB space. With the K economy we're seeing, cost of money on the up side, crowding into the space, AI as a tool without proper guide queries, limited "real world" mentorship or advisory before the offer; all leading people to the budget sources forgetting it's a relationship that happens in the buy/sell process.
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Reply by an intermediary
from University of Texas at Tyler in Tyler, TX, USA
Most LOIs are largely non-binding, which means there's almost always room for post-LOI conflict. That should be understood from the start. A huge part of my job as a broker is removing as much of that potential conflict as possible, making sure my client has their shit together just in case, and negotiating LOI terms that give them the least exposure. We can't help what the buyer's lawyers are doing, but we will certainly tell you if we don't agree to something.
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