HVAC/Home services Searchers - questions about financials

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March 19, 2024

by a searcher in New York, NY, USA

Has anyone else who's searching in HVAC/home services come across business owners that take large amounts of cash payments for services? Does that affect your decision to acquire them?

How do you weigh the amount of cash income in the valuation and offer on the company?

Its not unusual that many home service businesses take cash and the books don't reflect that and some of the information that these owners are saying about taxes, cash and paying people off the books is a liability. Has anyone acquired a service company that was paying people off the books and then acquired it and put people on payroll?

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Reply by a searcher
from University of Pennsylvania in Portland, OR, USA
Agree with everyone. This owner sounds shady and ethics issues typically run in packs. There's more bad stuff to be discovered, for sure.

On the general topic of collecting cash there can be benefits if done with a documented process.

Our plumbing company takes cash or checks as payment in addition to cards and financing. Many businesses won't do that and there are good reasons for their decisions. It works for us, though. ~22% of our revenue is collected this way (19% check / 3% cash). There's better margin on those sales due to the absence of credit card fees. There is some cost of inefficiency, but I'm convinced we come out ahead and we have a segment of customers who want to pay this way. Some are the Dave Ramsey enthusiast homeowners who avoid credit cards. Some are cash-heavy businesses (We do a strange amount of work for marijuana shops. I'm not sure what they're flushing.) We have documented processes with receipts for cash, once-a-week deposit runs to the bank (which is close by), and daily deposits of checks using a high-speed check scanner in our office that can take a whole stack of checks at once and is linked directly to our bank.
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Reply by a searcher
from University of Maryland at College Park in New York, NY, USA
Oh man, welcome to my (recent life). I engaged with an HVAC seller and quickly realized a large part of the revenue is cash, like stacks of it or other services.... It allowed him to show flat earnings on his tax return--every year. Dunno how common this is but I'd guess its more common, the smaller the business. Therefore, I'm now aiming higher in my search $500k-$1.5mn to try and climb above this behavior. It should make your hair stand on end in addition to being impossible/difficult to document and value for yourself let alone a lender as Brad points out above. I think the only exception here and for an experienced acquirer is that if the company comes with material commercial real estate (warehouse and land) that can be separately valued obviously. You may find that value alone is 2/3's or so of the total consideration the seller is spit balling. Therefore, a buyer could decide its still attractive as even after accounting properly for the business, its cheap, sub 3x proforma EBITDA! Also the under the table component virtually can force a seller to finance the deal with a monster seller note or earn out.
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